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THE FIRST VOLUME.

PAGE

In the Churches--In the Streets--Steele's Satire--In Parliament--Political Amenities--Sacheverel: Marlborough--On Parade. First Blood--The 'Peregrine Yatch'--The King at Greenwich--Scottish Homage--Claret Loyalty--The Artillery Company--The Royal Entry--The Players' Homage--The Affairs of Scotland--A Royal Proclamation 1

Carte, the Jacobite--An Old and New Lord Chancellor--Preparations for the Coronation--The Scene in the Abbey--Whigs and Jacobites--Tory Mobs--The Royal Family in the Park--Seditious Pamphlets--Jacobite Clubs--Royalties--At St. James's--Electioneering Tactics--Royal Chaplains--The Chevalier in London 18

At the Play--Flight of Ormond--Sacheverel--Politics in the Pulpit--Calumny against Sacheverel--Danger in the Distance--Flight of Bolingbroke--Bolingbroke Pamphlets--Bolingbroke's Character--Politics in Livery--Satire--Flying Reports--Decree in the 'Gazette'--The Lash--The Pillory--A Harmless Jacobite 33

Politics in the Army--Lieutenant Kynaston--Jacobite Plotters--False Accuser--The Military Board--The Lieutenant disposed of--Captain Paul--Arrest of Members of Parliament--Harvey, of Combe--Sir William Wyndham--Search for Papers--Wyndham's Escape--Dramatic Courtesy--Uncourteous Interview--A General Stir 50

Pamphleteering--General Confusion--Jacobite Mobs--Rioting--Ballad-Singers--Political Songs--Arrests--In the Park--Invasion Imminent--Sound of Shot--Afloat on the Thames--The Horse Guards--The Chevalier de St. George--The King's Speech--Preachers Awake--A Famous Sermon--Satirical Art--Mischievous Sermons--A Sound of Alarm--Jacobite Agents--Arrests--Popular Feeling 66

Camp and Pulpit--Popular Slogan--Perilous Anniversaries--Popular Demonstrations--News from the North--Reports from Scotland--Further Intelligence--News from Preston--Jacobite Fury--Street Fighting--The Prisoners from Preston--Tyburn Tree--Jacobite Captains--Drawing near London--Highgate to London--Arrival in Town--The Jacobite Chaplain--Lady Cowper's Testimony--Jacobite Reports 89

Carnwath's Confession--The King and Lady Nithsdale--The King and Lady Derwentwater--Scene at Court--The Condemned Lords--Lady Nithsdale--Changes of Dress--Escape of Lord Nithsdale--Lady Nithsdale--Visiting Friends--The Eve of Execution--The Press, on the Trials--The King, on the Escape--Lord Derwentwater--Lord Kenmure--Taking the Oaths--The Derwentwater Lights--Scientific Explanations--Lady Cowper on the Aurora--Revelry--Addison, on the Princess of Wales--Nithsdale in Disguise--Lady Nithsdale in Drury Lane--Comic and Serio-Comic Incidents--To the Plantations 143

State-Trial Ceremonies--Lord Wintoun in Court--Opening of the Trial--The Legal Assailants--The King's Witnesses--The Rev. Mr. Patten--Patten's Character of Wintoun--Military Witnesses--The Surrender at Preston--A Prisoner at Bay--Incidents of the Trial--Wintoun Baited by Cowper--The King's Counsel--The Verdict--Sir Constantine Phipps--A Fight for Life--The Fight grows Furious--The Sentence--Doom Borne Worthily--The Jacobite Lawyer 169

Edmund Curll--The New Poems--Princess of Wales and Lady Kenmure--Luxury in Newgate--General Forster's Escape--A Ride for Life--The Prisoners in the Tower--Patten on the Prince of Wales--In and Out of Newgate--Politics on the Stage--Simon Fraser, as a Whig--Dutch Service in Gravesend Church--Aids to Escape--Shifting of Prisoners--Breaking out of Newgate--Pursuit--Hue and Cry--Domiciliary Visits--Talbot Recaptured--Escape of Hepburn of Keith 190

David Lindsay--Trials of Rebel Officers--Colonel Oxburgh--The Colonel at Tyburn--A Head on Temple Bar--More Trials--Jacobite Jurymen--Towneley and Tildesley--Their Trials--Their Acquittal--The Chaplain at Towneley Hall--Justice Hall and Captain Talbot--Gascogne's Trial--The Duchess of Ormond--Gascogne's Defence--Christian Feeling--Fracas in a Coffee-House--Joy and Sorrow in Newgate--Chief Justice Parker--The Swinburnes--Scott's Newgate--Mob Ferocity 211

Festive Fighting--Jacobite Boys--Flogging Soldiers--Hoadly in the Pulpit--Flattery by Addison--On the Silver Thames--Two Pretty Fellows--Thanksgiving Day--Sherlock's Sermon--Bishop of Ely's Sermon--King George's Right to the Throne--A Nonjuring Clergyman, to be Whipt--Saved by the Bishop of London--The Rose in June--More Bloodshed--Jacobite Ladies--Ladies' Anti-Jacobite Associations--Riot in a Church--Pope's Double Dealing--Addison, on Late and Present Times--Political Women 234

The Rev. Mr. Paul--A Cry for Life--Paul and Patten--Paul, a Jacobite Again--The King in Fleet Street--A Reading at Court--Sanguinary Struggles--A Jacobite Jury--The Mug-Houses--The Street Whipping Post--Patten in Allendale--Scenes at Hampton Court--Bigots on Both Sides--At Drury Lane Theatre--Afternoon Calls--Escape of Charles Radcliffe--The Stage and Playgoers--Loyal Players--An Anti-Jacobite Pamphlet 256

A Youthful Jacobite--A would-be Regicide--A Fight in Newgate--Up the Hill to Tyburn--Scene at Tyburn--A Jacobite Toast--Satirical Pamphlet--Lovat already Suspected--Hearne on Echard's 'England'--Atterbury Conspiring--The Bishop's View of Things--The Royal Family on the Road--Military Difficulties--Scenes at Court--A Scene in 'Bedlam'--A Whig Whipt--Treason in the Pulpit--More Treason--Jacobites in the Pillory--The King at the Play--Daniel Defoe--His Dirty Work--Mist's Journal--Jacobite Hopes--Art and Poetry 300

The Skirmish at Glenashiels--Judicial Caprice--Assault on the Princess of Wales--The King and his Ladies--A Suspicious Charity Sermon--Riot in Church--Riot Prolonged--Liberty of the Press--A Capital Conviction--Jacobite Fidelity--A Political Victim--Three more to Tyburn--A Last Request--An Apologetic Sermon--An Innocent Victim--Political Plays--Incidents--Royal Condescension--The King's Good Nature--Rob Roy and the Duke of Montrose 326

Atterbury's Hopes--Death of Laurence Howell--In Hyde Park--At Bartholomew Fair--Stopping the King's Expresses--Cibber's 'Refusal'--In State to the Pillory--Birth of the 'Young Chevalier'--Government and the Jacobites--Treasonable Wit--Recruiting for the Chevalier--Epigrammatic Epitaph--Arrest of Jacobites--Atterbury's Correspondence--Jacobite Trysting Places--The Officers in Camp--A Cavalry Bishop--The Ladies in Camp--Whig Susceptibility--More Arrests--Atterbury to Pope 347

The Bishop in the Tower--Pope and Atterbury--The 'Blackbird'--Treatment of Atterbury--Scenes in Camp--Soldiers and Footpads--Discipline--Christopher Layer--The Plot--Layer at Westminster--Antagonistic Lawyers--The Trial--A False Witness--A Confederate--Layer's Ladies--Layer's 'Scheme'--The Defence--Strange Witnesses--The Verdict--Layer's Dignity--The Jacobites in Mourning--A Jacobite Player--Suspension of the 'Habeas Corpus'--Arrest of Peers--Lord Chief Justice Pratt--London Sights--Ambitious Thieves 369

The Plot--Satire on the Plot--Decyphering--Proceedings against Atterbury--Debate in the Commons--Debate in the Lords--Condemnation of Plunkett--Kelly's Trial--Kelly's Defence--Sentence on Kelly--The King at Kensington--Arrests--Patten in Peril--A Strange Sermon--Treatment of Atterbury--Oglethorpe and Atterbury--In the House of Lords--The Whig Press and the Bishop--Street Incidents--Opening of Letters--Sir Constantine Phipps--The Defence--Special Pleading--Evidence for Atterbury--Pope, as a Witness--Atterbury's Defence--Rejoinder for the Crown--Wit of Lord Bathurst--Newspaper Comments--Atterbury and Layer--Layer on Holborn Hill--Layer at Tyburn--Lamentation for Layer--Lamentation, continued--Bolingbroke, Atterbury--Atterbury Leaving the Tower--Atterbury on the Thames--Pope and Atterbury--Layer's Head--The Co- Conspirators--Atterbury serving the Chevalier--Letter from Atterbury 397

LONDON

THE JACOBITE TIMES.

n the last morning of Queen Anne's life, a man, deep in thought, was slowly crossing Smithfield. The eyes of a clergyman passing in a carriage were bent upon him. The carriage stopped, the wayfarer looked up, and the two men knew each other. The one on foot was the dissenting preacher, whom Queen Anne used to call 'bold Bradbury.' The other was Bishop Burnet.

'On what were you so deeply thinking?' asked the bishop.

'On the men who died here at the stake,' replied Bradbury. 'Evil times, like theirs, are at hand. I am thinking whether I should be as brave as they were, if I were called upon to bear the fire as they bore it.'

Burnet gave him hope. A good time, he said, was coming. The queen was mortally ill. Burnet was then, he said, on his way from Clerkenwell to the Court, and he undertook to send a messenger to Bradbury, to let him know how it fared with Anne. If he were in his chapel, a token should tell him that the queen was dead.

On the other hand, there were men who sincerely mourned the queen's death. These men were troubled in their walks by the revels at Charing Cross. There Young Man's Coffee-house echoed with sounds of rejoicing. Some of the revellers had been recipients of the most liberal bounty of the queen, and did not care to conceal their ecstacy. Men circulated the good news as they rode in carriages which the queen had purchased for them. At Young Man's might be seen an officer sharing in the unseemly joy, whose laced coat, hat and feather, were bought with the pay of the sovereign, whose arms were on his gorget. People who had been raised from the lowest degree of gentlemen to riches and honours, could not hide their gladness. And now, men read with diverse feeling a reprint, freshly and opportunely issued, of Steele's famous letter in the 'Reader,' addressed to that awful metropolitan official, the Sword-bearer of the City Corporation. The writer reminded the dignitary that, as the Mayor, Walworth, had despatched the rebel Wat Tyler with a stroke of his dagger, so 'is it expected of you,' said Steele, 'to cut off the Pretender with that great sword which you bear with so much calmness, which is always a sign of courage.' 'Let me tell you, Sir,' adds Steele, with exquisite mock gravity, 'in the present posture of affairs I think it seems to be expected of you; and I cannot but advise you, if he should offer to land here , to take the Water Bailiff with you, and cut off his head. I would not so much, if I were you, as tell him who I was, till I had done it. He is outlawed, and I stand to it, if the Water Bailiff is with you, and concurs, you may do it on the Thames; but, if he offers to land, it is out of all question, you may do it by virtue of your post, without waiting for orders. It is from this comfort and support that, in spite of what all the malcontents in the world can say, I have no manner of fear of the Pretender.'

There were, however, some who had hopes of that luckless prince, and who looked upon any other who should take the crown which they considered to be his, by divine right, as a wicked usurper. Accordingly, the Nonjuring Jacobites and High Church congregations sang their hymns, in their respective places of worship, to words which had a harmless ring, but which were really full of treason. One sample is as good as twenty,--and here it is!--

Confounded be those rebels all That to usurpers bow, And make what Gods and Kings they please, And worship them below!

On the day the queen died, Parliament met to vote addresses to her successor. The Jacobite spirit was not entirely extinguished in either House. In spite of an attempt to obtain an adjournment in the Upper Chamber, the Lords carried an address, in which they said: 'With faithful hearts we beseech your Majesty to give us your royal presence.' In the Commons, Mr. Secretary Bromley moved an address so made up of grief expressed for Anne's death, that Walpole demanded 'something more substantial;' and loyal members insisted that congratulations rather than condolence should abound in the address from the Commons. To both Houses the king intimated that he was hastening to satisfy their 'affectionate urgences.'

Loyal captains were spirited up by the news of the coming of their old leader. On the parade in the Park, Captain Holland addressed his company. He congratulated them on having acquired such a king as George the First after such a sovereign as Queen Anne! The captain swore that he would sustain the Hanoverian Protestant Succession. 'If,' he added, 'If there's any person among you that's a Roman Catholic, or not resolved to act on the same principles with me, I desire him to march out!'

At length news arrived that the king and the prince had left the Hague, where, in their impatience to reach England, they had tarried eleven days, and laid all the blame upon the wind. Next, London was a-stir with the intelligence that the 'Peregrine Yatch,' bearing Caesar and his fortunes, with a convoy of men of war, was off the buoy at the Nore. The new sovereign was to land at Greenwich, whither every sort of vehicle, carrying every sort of persons, now repaired. The loyal excursionists hoped to have a good view of their new sovereign as he went processionally through the Park. Pedestrians passed the gates without difficulty, but not even to the 'Quality' indiscriminately was it given to enter within the enclosure. Carriages bearing friends to the royal family were turned back full of malcontents, when they did not carry the great officers of the crown, privy-counsellors, judges, peers, or peers' sons. The Duke of Ormond's splendid equipage drove up to the palace, but the great Tory duke had to retire without alighting. The king would not receive him. His Majesty was barely more gracious to the Earl of Oxford. The ex-Lord Treasurer kissed the king's hand, amid a crowd of other homage-payers, but the sovereign took no more notice of Harley than of the most insignificant unit in that zealous mob. The other mob outside were discussing the reported changes in the Administration, when a sovereign homage was rendered to that would-be sovereign people.

'At Greenwich,' say the London papers, 'the king and prince were pleased to expose themselves some time at the windows of their palace, to satisfy the impatient curiosity of all loving subjects.' Among those who were ready to be so were Scottish chiefs with historical names. There had been no lack of homage to Queen Anne on the part of Scottish peers. The Master of Sinclair was a Jacobite, who had been in trouble in Queen Anne's time. His neck was in peril, but the queen pardoned him. His history of the insurrection of '15, in which he took part, is severely condemnatory of all the leaders, and especially of Mar. In the introductory portion of it, the Master sketches in equally censuring terms the Scottish peers in London, a little before Queen Anne's death. ?? 'While at London,' he says, 'I had occasion to see the meanness of some of our Scots nobilitie who were of the sixteen, and who I heard complain grievously of the Treasurer's cheating them, because he had gone out of town without letting them know, or giving them money as he had promised. I was told they wanted a hundred pound, or some such matter, to pay their debts, and carry them down to Scotland, and that they used to hang on at his levee like so many footmen. My God! how concerned I was to see those who pretended to be of the ancient Scots nobilitie reduced to beg at an English Court! And some of those, of which number was my Lord Kilsyth, were they who gave themselves the greatest airs in our affair,--so useful is impudence to impose on mankind!'--See 'Memoirs of the Insurrection in Scotland in 1715,' by John, Master of Sinclair, published by the Abbotsford Club, 1858, and reviewed in the 'Athenaeum,' 31st December, 1859, by the able hand of the late Mr. Dilke.

Among the advertisements which offered places to spectators along the whole line, from Greenwich to St. James's, there was one which announced that 'several senior gentlemen, with their own gray hairs,' had resolved to ride before the king 'in white camblet cloaks, on white horses.' They advertised for volunteers, old and gray enough, who were assured that they 'would be led up in the procession by persons of eminence and figure.' It was subsequently reported that these 'senior gentlemen, in their own gray hairs,' applied too late to the Earl Marshal to have a place appointed for them in the procession, but that they would have seats in a gallery of their own at the east end of St. Paul's. They would be presented, it was said, with lovely nosegays, to revive their spirits and refresh their memories, 'which will be a fine orange stuck round with laurel--the former to put them in mind of the happy Revolution; the latter, of the glorious victories gained under the Duke of Marlborough in the late wars.' The above is a specimen of the mild political wit of the day. Curious eyes looked at the gallery at the east end of St. Paul's. They saw nothing of the seniors and their emblems, but others swore they were there, nevertheless, or why was the heroic Marlborough factiously hissed as he passed? At other points, the Church and King party had their revenge. The king and prince in their state coach might have been excused for wearing an air of surprise at the unusual huzzaing and clapping of hands of the gentlemen, and the ecstacy of the ladies in the balconies of the Three Tuns and Rummer tavern in the City. The applause was not for Great Brunswick but for the Earl of Sutherland. The people in the balcony remembered that in King William's days, Lord Sutherland had been insulted in that very tavern. He had drunk King William's health on his birthday, and the Jacobites present flourished their swords and vapoured about the Earl as if they would slay him and all Protestantism with him.

The stately line--and it was a right pompous affair--was a little cumbrous, but it was well kept together, from the kettle-drums and trumpeters, followed by hosts of officials, troops, coaches, &c., to the dragoons who snatched a drink from the people, as they brought up the rear. Perhaps the road about the east end of Pall Mall was the most joyous; for there the balconies and galleries were filled with people who had something to satisfy besides curiosity or loyalty, and who had been attracted thither by the promise that all the fronts of the balconies and galleries should have 'broad flat tops large enough to hold plates and bottles.' The spectators there were primed to any pitch of loyalty as his Majesty passed.

At night, the stage paid its first homage to the new sovereign. Graceful Wilks spoke an 'occasional prologue' at the theatre in Drury Lane; and loyal and dramatic people bought it in the house or at Jacob Tonson's over against Catherine Street, Strand, for twopence. But while Wilks was loyal, he had an Irish Roman Catholic servant, who was so outspokenly Jacobite, that the player discharged him, lest evil might follow to himself. The fellow, however, had what the French call 'the courage of his opinions,' but not the discretion which many had who shared them. He went down to the colour-yard at St. James's, drew his sword upon the flag, abused the new king, gave a tipsy hurrah for his 'lawful sovereign,' and knew little more till he found himself next morning aroused from the straw to answer a charge of treason. He pleaded 'liquor,' and was allowed the benefit of his hard-drinking.

The press at this moment burst into unusual activity. There was especially great activity in and about the Black Boy, in Paternoster Row. It was from under that well-known literary emblem that Baker, the publisher, issued the popular edition of a work that all the world was soon reading, for exactly opposite reasons. Baker had, somehow, got possession of the Jacobite Lockhart's manuscript of his 'Memoirs concerning the Affairs of Scotland, from Queen Anne's Accession to the Throne to the commencement of the Union of the two kingdoms of Scotland and England, in May, 1707. With an Account of the Origin and Progress of the designed Invasion from France, in March, 1708. And some Reflections on the Ancient State of Scotland.' On the same title-page, notice was made of 'an Introduction, showing the reason for publishing these Memoirs at this juncture.'

Shortly after this duel, Lord Townshend was seen to enter Lord Chancellor Harcourt's house, in Lincoln's Inn Fields, from which he soon after issued, carrying with him the Purse and Great Seal. These symbols of power he had obtained by warrant signed by the king's hand. On his way from Lord Harcourt's house to the palace, Townshend left word with Lord Cowper to wait on the king at St. James's at one o'clock,--and men who saw my Lord on his way made, probably, as shrewd guess as himself as to the result of his visit.

The king received him in the closet. Cowper's acute eye recognised the Purse and Seal lying in the window. His Majesty, in a few words in French, shortly committed them to his keeping, 'having,' says Cowper in his Diary, 'been well satisfied with the character he had heard of me.' Cowper replied in English, saying, among things less noteworthy, 'that he had surrendered the Great Seal to the late Queen, believing she was going into measures which would raise France again, and ruin the common cause.'

After the new Chancellor had taken his leave, the following little dramatic scene occurred. 'The Prince was in the outer room,' says Cowper, 'and made me a very handsome and hearty compliment both in French and English, and entered very kindly into talk with me. Among other things, speaking of the Princess's coming, I wished she was here while the weather was good, lest she should be in danger in her passage; he said Providence had hitherto so wonderfully prospered his family's succeeding to the Crown in every respect, by some instances, that he hoped it would perfect it, and believed they should prosper in every circumstance that remained.'

The next circumstance was the spectacle of the coronation, which soon followed that of the public entry. Among the advertisements offering accommodation to see the show, there was one of a house, near the Abbey, 'with an excellent prospect, and also with a back door out of Thieving Lane into the house. There will be a good fire,' it is added, 'and a person to attend with all manner of conveniences.' Meanwhile, Mr. Noble's shop in the New Exchange, Strand, was beset by ladies, or their servants, eager to buy the Coronation favour with the Union Arms, which had been sanctioned by the Earl Marshal, who had also approved of the poetical motto without which the favour was not to be sold:

King George, our Defender From Pope and Pretender.

--There was a great pinning of them on as breast knots and shoulder knots, and a good deal of gallantry and flirtation went on between young ladies and gentlemen helping to adorn each other.

The day did not pass off decorously in the streets. Some unwelcome cries reached the king's ears as he walked along the platform between the Abbey and the Hall. At night, Tory mobs, on pretence that the Whigs, by the motto on their 'favours,' showed a disposition to 'burn the Pope and the Pretender, with Dr. Sacheverel to boot,' lit up bonfires, danced round them to rebel airs, and while some of the celebrants shouted for Sacheverel, others uttered blasphemy and ill-wishes against King George. In country places, similar incidents occurred; but messengers were despatched thither, and they soon returned, bringing the worst of the offenders with them through London to its various prisons. York, Norwich, and Bedford; Reading, Taunton, Bristol, and Worcester, yielded the greatest number of seditious rioters. A boy, twelve years of age, was brought up as leader of the Taunton mob! The most notable person bagged by the messengers was Alderman Perks of Worcester. The Jacobites in London witnessed his passage to Newgate with manifestations that showed they looked on him as a martyr. On the other hand, the Irish Protestants in London made a manifestation in favour of Church and Government. In commemoration of the delivery of their fathers from the massacre in Ireland of so many of their contemporaries, in October 1641, by the Papists, these Whig loyalists marched in procession at 10 A.M. to St. Dunstan's, where they heard a sermon from Dr. Storey, Dean of Limerick. At noon, they again marched in procession to the Old King's Head, Holborn, where they dined, drank, and cheerfully celebrated the massacre in which so many innocent persons had perished.

In the Tory pamphlet, 'Hannibal not at our gates,' the writer sought to persuade the people that there was no danger a-foot. In the Whig pamphlet 'Hannibal at our gates, or the progress of Jacobitism, with the present danger of the Pretender,' &c., Londoners were especially warned of the reality of the peril. The Jacobite clubs, it was said, had ceased to toast the Jacobite king, or 'impostor,' under feigned names. They were described as 'so many publick training schools where the youth of the nation were disciplined into an opinion of the justice of his title,' and into various other opinions which were strongly denounced. The writer has an especial grievance in the fact that an honest Englishman cannot show respect to King William by keeping his birthday, without running the chance of being in the Counter as a rioter, if he only happens to fall into the hands of a Tory magistrate. Respect for princes, according to this Whig, is a courteous duty, and, forthwith, he speaks of the Chevalier as a 'notorious bastard,' and of his mother, Mary of Modena, as a 'woman of a bloody and revengeful temper.'

There was zeal enough and to spare among the clergy of all parties. Not very long after the Princess of Wales was established at St. James's, Robinson, bishop of London, sent in a message to her by Mrs. Howard, to the effect that, being Dean of the Chapel, he thought it his duty to offer to satisfy any doubts or scruples the Princess might entertain with respect to the Protestant religion, and to explain what she might not yet understand. The Princess was naturally 'a little nettled.'--'Send him away civilly,' she said, 'though he is very impertinent to suppose that I, who refused to be Empress for the Protestant religion, do not understand it fully.' The Bishop thought that the august lady did not understand it at all, for the Princess had declared among her ladies 'Dr. Clarke shall be one of my favourites. His writings are the finest things in the world.' Now Dr. Clarke was looked upon as a heretic by Robinson, for Clarke was not a Trinitarian according to the creed so-called of Athanasius. Lady Nottingham, High Church to the tips of her fingers, denounced the Doctor as a heretic. Lady Cowper gently asked her to quote any heretical passage from Dr. Clarke's books. Clarke's books! The lady declared she never had and never would look into them. Cowper mildly rebuked her. Cowper's royal mistress laughed, and the 'Duchess of St. Alban's,' says Lady Cowper, 'put on the Princess's shift, according to Court Rules, when I was by, she being Groom of the Stole.'

There were people who were to be more easily got at than the pamphleteers. Dr. Bramston, for a sermon preached in the Temple Church, was struck out of the list of Royal Chaplains. He published the discourse, for his justification. The most rabid Whig in the kingdom could find no hostility in it, nor the most rabid Tory any support. The Court found offence enough. Dr. Bramston and his fellow chaplains, who had read prayers to Queen Anne,--Dr. Browne, Dr. Brady, the Rev. Mr. Reeves of Reading, and the Rev. Mr. Whitfield, were informed that they were not only struck out of the list of her late Majesty's chaplains, but that 'they would not be continued when his Majesty is pleased to make a new choice.' Compassion is not aroused for Dr. Brady, he being half of that compound author Tate and Brady, of whom many persons have had such unpleasant experience on recurring Sundays at church. Tate helped Brady to 'improve' the Psalms, after the fashion in which he had 'improved' Shakespeare; and it is hard to say which king suffered most at his hands--King Lear or King David!

On the other hand, the feeling on the Jacobite side very much resembled that which is recorded in the 'Memoirs of P. P., clerk of this Parish,'--in which parish, Jenkins, the farrier, 'never shoed a horse of a Whig or fanatic, but he lamed him sorely.' Turner, the collar-maker, was held to have been honoured by being clapt in the stocks for wearing an oaken bough on the 29th of May;--Pilcocks, the exciseman, was valued for the laudable freedom of speech which had lost him his office;--and White, the wheelwright, was accounted of good descent, his uncle having formerly been servitor at Maudlin College, where the glorious Sacheverel was educated!

If more taste had been shown in those who catered for the royal family when they went to the play, it would have been as well. At an evening drawing room, in February, the Duchess of Roxburgh, hearing that the Princess of Wales was going to Drury Lane the following day, told the Countess of Lippe and Buckinberg that the play which was to be acted on that occasion 'was such a one as nobody could see with a good reputation.' 'It was "The Wanton Wife,"' says the Countess Cowper in her Diary, and the Princess's irreproachable lady-in-waiting adds of Betterton's play, which is better known by its second title, 'The Amorous Widow,'--'I had seen it once, and I believe there are few in town who had seen it so seldom; for it used to be a favourite play, and often bespoke by the ladies. I told this to the Princess, who resolved to venture going, upon my character of it.' The result is admirably illustrative of the morals of the time.--'Went to the play with my mistress; and to my great satisfaction she liked it as well as any play she had seen; and it certainly is not more obscene than all comedies are.' 'It were to be wished,' adds the lady, 'our stage was chaster, and I cannot but hope, now it is under Mr. Steele's direction, that it will mend.'

On Sundays, the general excitement nowhere abated. At church, political rather than religious spirit rendered congregations attentive. They listened with all their ears to a clergyman, when he referred to the king's supremacy in ecclesiastical affairs, and when he had to enumerate the royal titles in the prayer before the sermon. If he omitted to note the supremacy, and the congregation were Whiggish, there was a loyal murmur of disapproval. If he happened to speak of his Majesty, not as 'King by the Grace of God,' but as 'King by Divine Permission,' the more sensitive loyalists would make a stir, withdraw from the church; and certain of the papers would be full of a holy horror at such proceedings on the part of the minister.

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